Economic history Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial history - Assignment Example The voracious mission for some, benefits required the contribution of numerous specialists and broad work division. Implying that representatives could work in various areas, unknown to one another, with the point of delivering different parts for a similar product. This prompted every maker building up a feeling of seclusion and depression, which at long last meant makers rising as proud. This condition of selfishness prompted a characteristic condition of war with each battling exclusively against a bunch others. Be that as it may, this condition of war must be controlled if there were a focal gathering which each maker would submit to and thusly gain security from the rest makers. This was clarified by Hobbes in his composing where he focused on that it was simply after accommodation to an outright ruler that people would get away from the contention existing among them. Financial specialization, then again, clarified the conjunction of various makers in the market framework to enable each other to endure. There was finished reliance on one another for fruitful working of the market. Financial specialization was significant as it accommodated a generally free working business sector where makers helped each other produce and thusly advantage (Hunt 128). Work and financial specialization repudiate each other in that for the previous, makers worked in disconnection that incited a sentiment of rivalry among one another. For the last mentioned, notwithstanding, makers work to profit one another. There is no single maker that can exist without the other. All in all, people want to accomplish delight however maintain a strategic distance from torment with his inclination being serious and vain. Specialization of work is intended to amplify benefits and accelerate creation in any market framework. At the point when makers are left to work free, there is the improvement of an

The Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki History Essay

The Bombing Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki History Essay Presentation Americas choice to utilize two nuclear bombs on the Japanese urban areas of Hiroshima and Nagasaki toward the finish of World War II has been a subject of exceptional discussion for a considerable length of time following the episode. The bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are one of best archived authentic occasions ever, while inciting enduring, intensely warmed responses. The reason for this exploration paper is to investigate the occasions of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, inspect the causes, translations and outcomes of the bombings. History of Hiroshima The early history of Hiroshima goes back to the sixth century, when a portion of the principal Shinto Shrines were raised on Hiroshima straight (Cameron, 2005). Current Hiroshima, which means wide island, was established in 1589 (Cameron, 2005). The citys numerous trenches and wharves made bringing in merchandise from the field simple, while its extensions associated all pieces of the developing city. Hiroshima had become such a significant base for the Japanese military that the Imperial Headquarters were briefly migrated there. Summer 1945 The timespan is summer of 1945, the United States and its partners have been at war with Germany and simply closed harmony (Mishler, 2008). The United States has likewise been at war with Imperial Japan since the assault on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941(Mishler, 2008). Over the span of the war in Japan, America had a significant choice to make. One of the alternatives was to drop a recently tried bomb on the Japanese wanting to get them to quickly give up. Â The last choice was to have a mass land intrusion on Japan and want to crush with all out power. Regardless of what choice was chosen, it was realized that a significant measure of losses would result. At the point when President Roosevelt kicked the bucket on April 12, 1945, Vice President Harry S. Truman became president (Constitutional Rights Foundation). Right now, President Truman endeavored to fill the detect that President Roosevelt involved for a long time. Truman was pushed into a job that he was not really arranged for and into an organization that had been working basically without his information (Kort, 2007). Tragically, Roosevelt had never remembered his VP for conversations about the nuclear bomb. Fourteen days subsequent to turning out to be president, he was at last completely advised about the contraption, as General Groves called the bomb (Constitutional Rights Foundation). Secretary of War Stimson played the essential job of filling in President Truman on the subtleties of the Manhattan Project, which Truman had thought nothing about (Kort, 2007). As indicated by Kort (2007), the Manhattan Project was driven by an assortment of logical disclosures during the 1920s and 1930s. During this season of logical advancement, Hitler had been consistently ascending to control in Germany, and after a short time, physicist Leo Szilard and individual Hungarians Eugene Wigner and Edward Teller got stressed (Kort, 2007).â They concluded that the President of the United States must be educated about the new parting innovation that had been found, which they accepted was fit for making bombs.â The three physicists enrolled the assistance of Albert Einstein, the preeminent researcher in that period, and together they drafted a letter routed to President Roosevelt (Kort, 2007). Albert Einsteins acclaimed 1939 letter, drafted by physicist Leo Szilard (who was named Humanist of the Year about twenty years after the fact), persuaded President Roosevelt to begin the Manhattan Project, depicting their convictions that atomic parting Would prompt the development of bombs, and it is possible that amazingly incredible bombs of another sort may along these lines be built (Milam, 2010). The blend of Frances tumble to Germany in 1940, the conviction that Germany was ahead in the race for the nuclear bomb, and the besieging of Pearl Harbor before long impacted Roosevelt that something more must be done on this nuclear research (Kort, 2007).â Roosevelt immediately doled out his top security counselors to frame panels on this venture, and to figure out what ought to be done and how. Before the finish of 1942, bomb look into had become bomb get together, and the Manhattan Project was currently run by the military (Milam, 2010). The Bombing Henry L. Stimson, the secretary of war from 1940 to 1945, would impact President Trumans significant choice on whether to attack or bomb Japan (Sherwin, 1995). On the morning of August 6, 1945, the United States U.S. Armed force Air Forces B-29 Enola Gay dropped a uranium firearm type gadget code named Little Boy on the city of Hiroshima (Military History, 2009). There were somewhere in the range of 350,000 individuals living in Hiroshima, Japan, on August 6, 1945. Roughly 140,000 passed on that day and in the five months that followed (Military History, 2009). Darkened, bloodied, skinless masses of bodies were skimming in grotesque situations in the Kyuohotagawa and the Motoyasugawa streams. Long queues of rearranging figuresclothes consumed directly off the body; hair remaining on end or seared off the scalp; skin stripping and trickling off arms, legs, backs; hands outstretched, zombie-likewere all meandering indiscriminately after the besieging (Military History, 2009). This ghas tly scene was happened in absolute haziness, for the mushroom cloud, that bearer of dark downpour and industrious passing, had transformed day into night and present day innovation into humanitys most prominent enemy (Military History, 2009). As indicated by Cameron (2005), after the Bombing of Hiroshima, President Truman gave this announcement regarding the utilization of another weapon and promising the accompanying: On the off chance that they don't currently acknowledge our terms, they may anticipate a downpour of ruin from the air, the like of which has never been seen on this planet. Behind this air assault will follow ocean and land powers in such numbers and force as they have not yet observed and with the battling ability of which they are as of now very much aware and force as they have not yet observed and with the battling expertise of which they are as of now very much aware. The Emperor didn't react and after three days, the B-29 Bockscar levels a lot of Nagasaki with a plutonium implosion type gadget code named Fat Man (Military History, 2009). Its evaluated that the second bomb on the Japanese city of Nagasaki on August 9 asserted another 80,000 lives (Military History, 2009). That day, the Soviet Union proclaimed war on Japan. Hirohito said that proceeding with the war must mean annihilation for the country. He at that point proclaimed that Japan must acknowledge give up (Constitutional Rights Foundation). Translations There are different perspectives identified with the utilization of the nuclear bombs and their defense. The atomic assaults on Japan were advocated with an end goal to win the war with the least setbacks conceivable. Some accept that since Japanese troopers were known for their horrible battling styles, the intrusion of Japan would have prompted American setbacks in the several thousands or possibly millions (OConnor, 2010). Extra clarifications incorporate that the US spent right around 2 billion dollars building up the bombs and those costs should have been advocated (OConnor, 2010). In any event, for their quick destruction, the Hiroshima and the Nagasaki bombs were amazingly wasteful. Just one of the fifty kilograms of uranium present exploded in Little Boy the friendly epithet given to that weapon of mass devastation by those mindful (Milam, 2010). Hiroshima could have been considerably more stunning than it was on the off chance that one dares envision. All things considered, the best personalities on the planet were hotly chipping away at these tasks (Milam, 2010). Unexpectedly, Einstein later turned into a harmony lobbyist and days before his demise marked Bertrand Russells 1955 Russell-Einstein Manifesto alongside ten other regarded researchers and erudite people (Milam, 2010). It starts with the words: In the terrible circumstance which goes up against humankind, we feel that researchers ought to gather in meeting to assess the hazards that have emerged because of the advancement of weapons of mass devastation. It closes with the oft-rehashed express: We request as people to individuals: Remember your humankind, and overlook the rest (Milam, 2010). Secretary of war, Stimson, later uncovered that the choice to utilize the nuclear bomb was partially planned to fulfill the questions of that somewhat troublesome class of network which will have charge of the instruction of the people to come, specifically instructors and students of history (Sherwin, 1995). He additionally composed that the sole inspiration was to spare American lives by completion the war as fast as could reasonably be expected (Sherwin, 1995). What he neglected to examine were the Japanese messages caught by United States military insight demonstrating that the Japanese had been attempting to give up restrictively since June of 1945 (Sherwin, 1945). Results The impacts of the bombings were enormous on all levels. The lives of the Japanese were everlastingly influenced. Tsutomu Yamaguchi, at that point a 29-year-old boat engineer with Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, was strolling to the organization shipyard in Hiroshima when Little Boy, the universes first vital nuclear bomb, exploded in midair under 2 miles away (Military History, 2009). The impact thumped him oblivious, burst his left eardrum and consumed his upper middle. After three days, back home in Nagasaki, Yamaguchi was relating his story to a wary supervisor when Fat Man, the second vital nuclear bomb, detonated over that city, likewise under 2 miles away (Military History, 2009). The stun wave thumped the two men to the floor and removed Yamaguchis gauzes (Military History, 2009). The architect went through over 10 years recouping from his physical wounds. His significant other and newborn child got away from the Nagasaki blast with minor injuries, yet the family was tormented b y unexpected weakness. His child kicked the bucket of malignant growth in 2005 at age 59 (Military History, 2009). Yamaguchi is presently officially perceived as a twofold hibakusha (blast influenced individual) and has become a vocal advocate of atomic demilitarization (Military History, 2009). The explanation that I despise the nuclear bomb

you cant come to us, so well come to you virtually COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

you cant come to us, so well come to you virtually COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog As I mentioned in an earlier post, one of the best parts of our job in Admissions is meeting new and interesting people who want to make a difference in the world.     People make the trip to visit us in New York   or find us on the road when we are touring the country and parts of the world in the fall.   But not everyone can come to New York and we, unfortunately, cant travel to every city in the world, so lets meet online. We are hosting a virtual information session for our two-year full time Master of International Affairs and Master of Public Administration programs on Wednesday, September 26th at 10:00 AM EDT.   Unfortunately, you wont be able to see us since we wont have video capability yet but youll hear us talk about the program, what we look for in an application, and financial aid options.   Of course, well also be available to answer your questions.   So register and join us next week for a one hour session from anywhere around the world.   See you online!

Doing Business In China Summary - 1605 Words

Prior to reading the Harvard Business Review on Doing Business in China, I assumed that business was a universal thing around the world. I assumed that business was the same in all countries. I assumed that every country had the same end goals when it came to business. As a result, I assumed that all countries followed a similar template for how business negotiations work. I was under the assumption that business was all about numbers and money; I didn’t expect to see so much energy focused on creating relationships. I originally assumed China was a very strict and numbers based country when it came to business. In my mind, China was this giant country where everything is made and manufactured at a lower price. As a result, I assumed that†¦show more content†¦As a result, Pepsi Co. has struggled to survive in the Chinese market. Pepsi Co.’s equivalent to Sprite, 7Up, has not been met by the acceptance that Sprite received. Sales of Pepsi to 7Up have a ratio of 4:1 (Harvard Business Review on Doing Business in China). Ultimately telling us that Pepsi has been unsuccessful at selling this product (In China, Coke Fights to Stay Ahead of Pepsi). From reading about this, I have learned that it is critical that you understand you market in order to be successful. This lesson that I learned is one that will help me in many of my future classes. I look forward to traveling to China and observing peoples drink choices to see whether Coca-Cola is actually more common than Pepsi. One of my favorite parts of this book was learning about how advertising differs in China. In America, advertising is flashy. Many advertisements feature celebrities in hopes of gaining consumers attention. Americans buy products they see celebrities using in hopes of becoming more like the famous people they see using the products. This is very different from advertising in China. In China, ads place a large focus on the facts. Product advertisements include the features and specifications of a product. People in China want to know what the product is, how it is used and how it works. There is less of an emphasis on trying to make a products look â€Å"cool† instead the goal is to show the product and help it gainShow MoreRelatedBus 421 Final Essays1220 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Schemelia Executive Summary Case Scenario # 1 Given the increasing regulations of the Internet and email by the Government of China, recommend to the CEO of Google whether the company should continue to operate in China, the world’s fastest and among the largest growth markets. Google should definitely continue operations in China, even if it means limiting the amount of information that is disseminated to Google China. 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Venezuela’s Declaration of Independence in 1810

The republic of Venezuela celebrates its independence from Spain on two different dates: April 19, when an initial declaration of semi-independence from Spain was signed in 1810, and July 5, when a more definitive break was signed in 1811. April 19 is known as â€Å"Firma Acta de la Independencia† or â€Å"Signing of the Act of Independence.† Napoleon Invades Spain The first years of the nineteenth century were turbulent ones in Europe, particularly in Spain. In 1808, Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Spain and put his brother Joseph on the throne, throwing Spain and its colonies into chaos. Many Spanish colonies, still loyal to the deposed King Ferdinand, did not know how to react to the new ruler. Some cities and regions opted for a limited independence: they would take care of their own affairs until such time as Ferdinand was restored. Venezuela: Ready for Independence Venezuela was ripe for Independence long before other South American regions. Venezuelan Patriot Francisco de Miranda, a former general in the French Revolution, led a failed attempt to start a revolution in Venezuela in 1806, but many approved of his actions. Young firebrand leaders like Simà ³n Bolà ­var and Josà © Fà ©lix Ribas were actively speaking of making a clean break from Spain. The example of the American Revolution was fresh in the minds of these young patriots, who wanted freedom and their own republic. Napoleonic Spain and the Colonies In January of 1809, a representative of the Joseph Bonaparte government arrived in Caracas and demanded that taxes continue to be paid and that the colony recognize Joseph as their monarch. Caracas, predictably, exploded: people took to the streets declaring loyalty to Ferdinand. A ruling junta was proclaimed and Juan de Las Casas, the Captain-General of Venezuela, was deposed. When news reached Caracas that a loyalist Spanish government had been set up in Seville in defiance of Napoleon, things cooled down for a while and Las Casas was able to re-establish control. April 19, 1810 On April 17, 1810, however, news reached Caracas that the government loyal to Ferdinand had been crushed by Napoleon. The city erupted into chaos once more. Patriots who favored full independence and royalists loyal to Ferdinand could agree on one thing: they would not tolerate French rule. On April 19, Creole patriots confronted the new Captain-General Vicente Emparà ¡n and demanded self-rule. Emparà ¡n was stripped of authority and sent back to Spain. Josà © Fà ©lix Ribas, a wealthy young patriot, rode through Caracas, exhorting Creole leaders to come to the meeting taking place in the council chambers. Provisional Independence The elite of Caracas agreed on a provisional independence from Spain: they were rebelling against Joseph Bonaparte, not the Spanish crown, and would mind their own affairs until Ferdinand VII was restored. Still, they made some quick decisions: they outlawed slavery, exempted Indians from paying tribute, reduced or removed trade barriers, and decided to send envoys to the United States and Britain. Wealthy young nobleman Simà ³n Bolà ­var financed the mission to London. Legacy of the April 19 Movement The result of the Act of Independence was immediate. All over Venezuela, cities and towns decided either to follow Caracas lead or not: many cities chose to remain under Spanish rule. This led to fighting and a de facto Civil War in Venezuela. A Congress was called in early 1811 to solve the bitter fighting among Venezuelans. Although it was nominally loyal to Ferdinand - the official name of the ruling junta was Junta of conservation of the rights of Ferdinand VII - the government of Caracas was, in fact, quite independent. It refused to recognize the Spanish shadow government that was loyal to Ferdinand, and many Spanish officers, bureaucrats, and judges were sent back to Spain along with Emparà ¡n. Meanwhile, exiled patriot leader Francisco de Miranda returned, and young radicals such as Simà ³n Bolà ­var, who favored unconditional independence, gained influence. On July 5, 1811, the ruling junta voted in favor of complete Independence from Spain - their self-rule was no longer dependent on the state of the Spanish king. Thus was born the ​First Venezuelan Republic, doomed to die in 1812 after a disastrous earthquake and relentless military pressure from royalist forces. The April 19 pronouncement was not the first of its kind in Latin America: the city of Quito had made a similar pronouncement in August of 1809. Still, the independence of Caracas had much longer lasting effects than that of Quito, which was quickly put down. It allowed the return of the charismatic Francisco de Miranda, vaulted Simà ³n Bolà ­var, Josà © Fà ©lix Ribas and other patriot leaders to fame, and set the stage for the true independence that followed. It also inadvertently caused the death of Simà ³n Bolà ­vars brother Juan Vicente, who died in a shipwreck while returning from a diplomatic mission to the USA in 1811. Sources: Harvey, Robert. Liberators: Latin Americas Struggle for Independence Woodstock: The Overlook Press, 2000. Lynch, John. The Spanish American Revolutions 1808-1826 New York: W. W. Norton Company, 1986. Lynch, John. Simon Bolivar: A Life. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006.

BF_case Free Essays

In order to get feedback on their best Investment bets to verse industry’ s steady decline and increase company’ s profits by 3% next year. Industry sales have been decreasing. Some categories, such as â€Å"dry soups†, â€Å"ready to serve broth†, â€Å"refrigerated soups†, â€Å"frozen soups† and â€Å"deli soups†, are growing. We will write a custom essay sample on BF_case or any similar topic only for you Order Now The declining trend of the industry relies essentially in decreasing sales of the two largest categories: â€Å"ready-to-serve wet soup† and â€Å"condensed wet soup†. The most profitable category Is the RET. Barbarian has 60% share of the RET market with RET ‘s soups and broths providing 78% of the dolls ‘s sales; 86% of Its profit. These mature products, however, are facing a decline In sales (1-2% per year In S, and 2-3% In volume). Nevertheless, Barbarian Is the market leader in this category and price increases over the last years had helped to keep profit declining as much as sales. Target products to baby boomer generation (largest and brand loyal segment); lead these changes in market trends that are being reflected in rapidly increasing sales of convenient categories; Maintain shelf-space and Increase partnerships with retailers. How to cite BF_case, Papers

Paper About New Product, Bount Essay Example For Students

Paper About New Product, Bount Essay Executive SummaryProctor Gamble will introduce the new Bounty Toilet Paper during the first week of December 1999. This brand of toilet paper will take the already established idea used with Bounty Paper Towels, and modify to the toilet paper world. Bounty has always stressed the idea of taking the least amount of the product, but still getting the job done while at same time consisting of a strong durability. Never before has such attributes of durability and effectiveness been used in a toilet paper brand, therefore PG hopes to establish Bounty Toilet Paper as a leader in the industry. Proctor Gamble understands the high competition that already exists in the toilet paper industry, but feel that new Bounty Toilet Paper will change how this industry is geared. In recent times, toilet paper producers have stressed comfort and style in the production of their products, but as the times have changed, the American public is now more interested in getting the job done in the shortest a mount of time with the smallest amount of the product. PG have produced Bounty Toilet Paper because of this change in the lifestyle of Americans. With this focus on effectiveness and durability, Bounty will go into the new Millennium leading the toilet paper world. Company BackgroundProctor and Gamble was founded in Cincinnati, OH, by William Proctor and James Gamble in 1837. Initially the company was started to compete with the 14 other soap and candle makers already established in Cincinnati, but around the end of the century, Proctor and Gamble dropped candle manufacturing altogether to focus on soap production. By 1890, Proctor and Gamble had increased their production to over 30 different types of soap. During 1911, Proctor and Gamble introduced Crisco, the first all-vegetable shortening, beginning what would be the first in a long line of different unrelated products the company would develop in the future. Such products include Tide washing detergent, Crest toothpaste, Charmin toilet paper, Pampers baby diapers, Folgers coffee, Bounce fabric softener, Pert Plus shampoo, and Bounty paper towels, just to name a few. With these products, and the more than thousand others, Proctor and Gamble leads the world in sales in almost all categories of household products. Sales hit the one million mark by 1859, roughly 22 years after the company was formed. Today, the company has reached sales in excess of over 30 billion, with this figure continuing to grow each and every year. Today, Proctor and Gamble is a truly global corporation. Since 1980, the company has quadrupled the number of consumers it can serve with its brands, which totals close to 5 billion people around the world. Proctor and Gamble now has operations in more than 70 countries and its products are sold in over 140 countries, making Proctor and Gamble one of the biggest and most successful consumer goods companies in the world. Product Description and Key BenefitsBounty Toilet Paper is the newest name in bathroom tissue. Made with the same quality as the original paper towels, Bounty Toilet Paper emphasizes practicality rather than prettiness. It is made with an unscented, three-ply, deeply corrugated tissue and does not depend on any flower or butterfly to attract potential consumers. This new design is made for people who are tired of constantly running out of toilet paper due to either poor quality tissue or small amount found on rolls. Bounty Toilet Paper is made with a patented design from years of research. This product boasts the same maximum absorbency that is found in Bounty Paper Towels because of its unheard of three-ply thickness. Each ply is twice as thick as the standard bathroom tissue ply. Because Bounty paper is so thick, a special plastic dispenser that hangs from any standard toilet paper roll holder is needed. These refillable dispensers are free with an initial purchase of the product. Another feature is the deep, lateral grooves in the tissue that provide maximum cleaning with minimal wiping. Since Bounty Toilet Paper is made with such tough cleansing power, an aloe vera lotion has been added to the paper to prevent possible chaffing. This revolutionary design in bathroom tissue is meant for anyone that stresses efficiency. It is perfect for outdoorsman, fast-paced careers, or anyone that needs the power of a lot of toilet paper, not a lot of toilet paper. Because of the already established name of Bounty in the paper towel world, the expectations of Bounty Toilet Paper will be high, with the product delivering satisfaction to all consumers. This is due in part to the success built into construction and usage of Bounty Paper Towels that will easily be catered into the toilet paper industry with our product. Description of Target MarketThe research team from Proctor Gamble that were used to develop Bounty Toilet Paper referred to the Simmons Market Research on Pr oducts and Users to pinpoint the target market for this product. After reviewing the figures found in the report, it was discovered that the target market for potential buyers is women between the ages of 18 and 49. Although this will serve as the target market, Bounty will not be limited to this small segmentation of the general public. Instead, Bounty Toilet Paper will be marketed to these women heavily, but at the same time it will also be marketed to many other demographics in an effort to meet the needs of more potential consumers. Our advertising strategy is to advertise using mediums that will reach our target market with the greatest reach, but more importantly with the highest frequency. According to Simmons Market Research, it will be to our advantage to use public television stations, along with cable television stations for advertising with our product with the greatest reach to the target market. This decision was made to advertise on the public stations of NBC, ABC, CBS, and Fox; while at the same time using the cable stations of USA, CNN, Lifetime, The Discovery Channel, and ESPN. We will advertise on these stations during the peak time for our target market, which was discovered to be early morning to mid afternoon. By targeting these stations at the particular times noted, we will have reached a variety of men, not only women. Another means we will use to reach our target audience will be the medium of magazines. Simmons Market Research shows that toilet paper buyers are heavy readers or many nation al magazines. The magazines that we will use to reach our target audience the most will be Better Homes and Gardens, Family Circle, Readers Digest, and Seventeen. We will also advertise in Mens Health, GQ, Outdoor Life, and Field and Stream, in efforts to reach a more broad audience outside of our target market. These are the different target groups and markets Bounty Toilet Paper plans on using in our pursuit to take over the toilet paper world. Buyer BehaviorConsumers will experience a low level of involvement in their decision to purchase Bounty Toilet Paper. We know as marketers that the price of a product relative to quality is extremely important in retaining customers and hopefully getting referred for such a high quality product. We know the price of an item has a direct correlation with the level of involvement or importance that a consumer will experience upon their decision to buy. We plan to offer hefty three ply toilet paper equal to two ply for the price of $0.99. The packaging of two rolls instead of four will be in order to gather consumers in a hurry and ones that want a quality product relative to their finances. This is extremely important for college students or newlyweds with tight budgets, both of which fall into our target market. Because of the low level of involvement and interest in our attempt to break through the clutter is the packaging of two rolls. This type of packaging will hopefully come off to the consumer as different from the rest and better suited to their needs. In this day and age people do not have the time to spend comparing different products, leading to consumers usually grabbing the first item that catches their attention. Our product will be accepted by various groups of consumers ranging from college kids, impulse buyers, impatient customers, and hopefully even families. Once our initial entrance into the toilet paper industry breaks through, we plan to offer larger quantities geared more toward families, but this will happen once word of mouth and trial show that we offer a high quality product at a low price. Competitive AnalysisCompetition plays a key role in the success or demise of most products that fit the low involvement category. The toilet paper industry is a constant battle for dominance with the vast number of products competing for the highest sales. Proctor Gamble is not new to this highly competitive market, nor or they new to the toilet paper industry. Currently PG is atop the sales list of toilet paper brands with their Charmin brand of toilet paper, but this may soon change. An Unexpected Gift EssayProctor Gamble plans to use an extensive Public Relations strategy in order to get the new Bounty Toilet Paper in the publics viewpoint. P;G will sponsor a week of programming for the late night talk shows The Late Show with David Letterman and Late Night with Conan OBrien. These shows were chosen based on their large television audience and also because of past affiliations the shows have shared with consumer products. During this week of programming, the shows will feature a variety of comedy sketches with Bounty Toilet Paper involved heavily in the story line. Also, the hosts, David Letterman and Conan OBrien, respectively, will throw out packages of the product, which will serve not only as attention to the product, but also stressing our key attribute of durability of the product. P;G feels that by using this television media with Bounty Toilet Paper, many potential consumers will be pushed more towards the trial of the product, therefore producing a P ublic Relations success story. Finally, Proctor ; Gamble will also incorporate various other support media in the process of getting the Bounty Toilet Paper brand image out to the public. These support media include billboards, inflatables, shopping carts, and transit advertising, to name a few. The billboards will use the same ads that will be featured in magazines, and will be located in all major markets. Large inflatables will accompany many of the booths placed in the front of retail stores. The inflatables will consist of a large package of Bounty Toilet Paper, with someone passing out free samples beside the inflatable. In all retail stores which carry the product, there will be small advertisements placed on the shopping carts, another means of reaching the potential consumers. Lastly, P;G will place large posters advertising the product in subways, along buses, and on bus stops in most major markets found across the United States. Objectives of IMC ToolsThere are five Integ rated Marketing Techniques that are used for introducing a new product, or product extension. The use of each technique is critical to the success achieved by introducing a new product. Proctor ; Gamble has used many extensive approaches to introducing new products in the past, and they will continue to do so for future products. The following are the main objectives that are going to be utilized in promoting and introducing Bounty Toilet Paper to the public. The first IMC Tool that will be implemented for Bounty Toilet Paper will be Direct Marketing. Proctor ; Gamble plans to use a new way of Direct Marketing in bringing this new product to the American public. P;G will place the new Bounty Toilet Paper in many restrooms around the nation in order to get all potential consumers to try this product. This will be a strong effort to get the trial of the product out of the way with the consumer never having to purchase the product in doing so. The most important IMC Tool that can be utilized in order to gain a successful market share is the use of Advertising. Advertising can be used to promote the consumer awareness of Proctor ; Gambles product extension from paper towels to the toilet paper market with this new product. Methods used for gaining attention include television commercials, magazine ads, radio commercials, and newspaper ads. The next IMC Tool Proctor Gamble will use to introduce new Bounty Toilet Paper is the use of Sales Prom otion. With a product line extension, Sales Promotions are needed a smaller role as compared to the introduction of a completely different product. Therefore, PG will take a small approach in the area of Sales Promotion with new Bounty Toilet Paper. The use of a bonus pack deal will be the single act of Sales Promotion used to introduce this product. Personal Selling is another IMC Tool that will be used for the introduction of this new product. With the large size of Proctor Gamble, Personal Selling seems almost obsolete, but there are still methods in which they must be done. PG plans to send memos to all regional managers for retailers carrying the new Bounty Toilet Paper. By doing this, PG hopes to place the product into the minds of all retailers so that they will know more about the product and its attributes. Publicity and Public Relations, the last of the five IMC Tools, run a linear path of similarity that will be used in the introduction of Bounty Toilet Paper. The main objective is to gain good recognition and reputation for producing a good product. This is very important since toilet paper is a love involvement item and the ultimate goal of any company is to establish widespread consumer loyalty. Synergy Among IMC ToolsIn order to achieve great success with the introduction of new Bounty Toilet Paper, Proctor Gamble must reach a synergy among the five Integrated Marketing Communication Tools. PG will initiate these tools first by placing several advertising ads a few weeks before the product hits the shelf of retail stores. Television and radio ads, along with magazine ads will be seen by potential consumers before they actually have the opportunity to buy the product. What this accomplishes is getting new Bounty Toilet Paper into the minds of potential consumers, thus creating the awareness that was intended from the ads. At the same time, memos will be sent out to all regional managers of the retail stores planning to carry the product. These memos will instruct the managers to inform all retail stores of the upcoming Bounty Toilet Paper. The day the product hits the shelf, PG will place a full page ad in the USA Today national newspaper, that will inform all consumers of the arrival of the product. At the same time, during this first week of introduction, the late night talk shows, The Late Show with David Letterman and Late Night with Conan OBrien, will be sponsored by Bounty Toilet Paper, with the product being used in various methods on the show. This will create even more awareness for all potential consumers to purchase the product. When consumers go out to purchase the product for themselves, they will find many booths located at the entrance of retail stores where Bounty Toilet Paper will be handed out as free samples. Also, upon entering the retail store and locating Bounty Toilet Paper on the store shelf, the consumer will find a bonus pack offer that consists of buy one pack, receive one free. Finally when the product is launched, P;G will place rolls of Bounty Toilet Paper in restrooms found in shopping malls and sports facilities across the country. Consumers will be presented with the opportunity to try the product for free and make the ir own evaluation of it using this Direct Marketing tactic. Overall, all IMC Tools should come together, placing the product into the view of all possible consumers. Budget AllocationPromotional expenditures for the product line extension of Bounty Toilet Paper is going to be very expensive. With Proctor ; Gamble already being a very well established company, executives are willing to put forth the money necessary to heavily promote this new product into the consumer market. P;G will promote Bounty Toilet Paper using all the tools in the Promotional Mix. The company will put 45% of its promotional budget toward an Advertising plan. Direct Marketing will be allowed 20% of the budget, considering that less money is needed for this tool than Advertising. Sales Promotions and Public Relations will both consist of 15% of the budget, for they are both equally important in the process of introducing this product. Finally, P;G will allocate the remaining 5% of the budget to Personal Selling, which may seem to be a small amount but will prove more than enough for this product. ConclusionProctor ; Gamble is confident that with the introduction of Bounty To ilet Paper they will continue to lead the toilet paper industry. At the same time, they feel that with this product, the way toilet paper is made in the future will be drastically changed. Because of the new approach P;G is taking with this product according to its durability and effectiveness, Bounty Toilet Paper will go on to be the leader in the toilet paper industry. With all the IMC Tools working together coherently, P;G plans to have new Bounty Toilet Paper as a household name within months. During this time, the wheels will be in motion for Bounty to take the toilet paper world by storm and just keep going;#8230;and going;#8230;and going.. and going